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Electromagnetic Waves and Communication System — Physics STD 11 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 SciencePhysicsElectromagnetic Waves and Communication System4 Marks
Question
How are X-rays produced? State their properties and uses.
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Answer

Production:
  1. German physicist W. C. Rontgen discovered X-rays while studying cathode rays. Hence, X-rays are also called Rontgen rays.
  2. Cathode ray is a stream of electrons emitted by the cathode in a vacuum tube.
  3. X-rays are produced when cathode rays are suddenly stopped by an obstacle.
Properties:
  1. They are high energy EM waves.
  2. They are not deflected by electric and magnetic fields.
  3. X-rays ionize the gases through which they pass.
  4. They have high penetrating power.
  5. Their over dose can kill living plant and animal tissues and hence are harmful.
Uses:
  1. Useful in the study of the structure of crystals.
  2. X-ray photographs are useful to detect bone fracture. X-rays have many other medical uses such as CT scan.
  3. X-rays are used to detect flaws or cracks in metals.
  4. These are used for detection of explosives, opium etc.

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