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Atoms and Molecules — Science STD 9 — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 9ScienceAtoms and Molecules4 Marks
Question
How is an ion different from an atom? How is cation different from anion?
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Answer

BASIS FOR COMPARISON
CATION
ANION
Meaning
An atom or molecule having more number of protons than electrons and are positively charged is called cation.
An atom or molecule having more number of electrons than protons and are negatively charged is called anion.
Charge
These are positively charged.
These are negatively charged.
Formed of
Cation are formed from metal atoms.
Anion are formed from non-metals atoms.
Compounds formed
Cation combine with the anions to form the ionic bonds.
Anion combine with the cations to form the ionic bonds. 
Electrolysis
Cation always move towards the cathode, which produces the negative charge.
Anion always move towards the anode, which produces the positive charge.
Examples
Iron (Fe2+), Sodium (Na+), Lead (Pb2+).
Fluoride (F-), Bromide (Br-), Iodide (I-), Nitride (N3-) and Hydride (H-).

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