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[ Question Bank ] - 2022 — Science STD 10 — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Science[ Question Bank ] - 20223 Marks
Question
Observe the following diagram and write answers.

  1. Name the method.
  2. Write anode reaction and cathode reaction.
  3. Why fluorspar and cryolite are added in the mixture?
✓

Answer

1. This method is electrolytic reduction of alumina.
2. Anode reaction:
$
2 O ^{2-} \longrightarrow O _2+4 e ^{-}
$
(Oxidation)
Cathode reaction:
$
Al ^{3+}+3 e ^{-} \longrightarrow Al _{(1)}
$
(Reduction)
3. Alumina has a very high melting point $\left(>2000^{\circ} C \right)$. The purpose of mixing 'cryolite' and 'fluorspar' with 'alumina' in the electrolytic reduction of alumina is to carry out the process at a much lower temperature. Addition of cryolite and fluorspar reduces the melting point of alumina to about $1000^{\circ} C$.

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