Planning — Business Studies STD 12 Commerce — Question

State any three functions performed by consumer organizations for protection and promotion of interests of consumers.

Identify the type of products in the following cases and give one example of each type.

1. Purchase of goods, in which buyers devote considerable time to compare quality, price and style.
2. Consumer products, which are purchased frequently, immediately and with least time and efforts.
3. Consumer goods having attained brand loyalty with some specific features because of which people make more efforts in their purchase.

OR
Consumer products are classified on different basis. 'Durability of the product is one of them. Explain any three types of products in this category.

How does controlling help in decision making? Illustrate your answer with a suitable example.

Distinguish between training and development.

What do you mean by price rigging?

After completing a course in travel and tourism, Karan started his own travel agency. In order to ensure smooth functioning of his business, he decided to create fourteen job positions divided into four departments on the basis of functions namely, front office department including online queries, reservations department for airways, railways and roadways, accommodation booking department, and securing payments department. In order to avoid any interdepartmental conflicts he decides to specify clearly the lines of authority and areas of responsibility for each job position.
In the context of the above case:

1. Which function of management is being described in the above lines ?
2. Identify the framework created by Karan within which all managerial and operating tasks are to be performed in his organisation.
3. Name the type of the framework as identified in part (1) of the question. Also, give any two of its advantages.

What is meant by right issue of shares?

Explain the following rights of consumers:

1. Right to choose.
2. Right to be heard.

Name and explain the principle, of management according to which a manager should replace ‘I’ with ‘We’ in all his conversation with workers.

Explain the importance of 'Financial Planning'.