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Absorption by roots - The Processes Involved — Biology STD 10 — Question

ICSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10BiologyAbsorption by roots - The Processes Involved5 Marks
Question
Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow :

(a) Name the process being studied in the above experiment.
(b) Explain the process mentioned in (a) above
(c) Why is oil placed over water?
(d) What do we observe with regard to the level of water when this set up is placed in (1) bright sunlight (2) humid conditions (3) windy day?
(e) Mention any three adaptations found in plants to foster the process mentioned in (a) above
✓

Answer

(a) The process of water absorption by plant roots through osmosis is being studied here. (b) A root-hair contains cell sap which contains higher concentration of salts as compared to outside soil water. This difference sets off osmosis and outside water diffuses into the root-hair. From the cell bearing root-hair, water passes into adjoining cells one after another to finally the xylem vessels. (c) The surface of water was covered with oil to prevent any loss of water by evaporation. (d) Roots absorb water and hence, the level of water in set up A falls down. Since the surface of water was covered with oil, there will be no effect of factors such as bright sunlight, humid conditions and windy day on the given set up. Hence, the level of water (e) Adaptations in plants to foster the process of absorption of water by plant roots:
  • Large surface area provided by rootlets and root hairs
  • Root hairs containing cell sap at a higher concentration than that of the surrounding water
  • Root hairs with thin walls

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