Question
To draw magnetic field lines of a bar magnet using a compass.
✓
Answer
- Procedure:
- Take a small compass and a bar magnet.
- Place the magnet on a sheet of white paper fixed on a drawing board, using some adhesive material.
- Mark the boundary of the magnet.
- Place a compass near the north pole of the magnet.
- How does it behave?
- Mark the positions of two ends of the needle.
- Now move the needle to a new position such that its south pole occupies the position previously occupied by its north pole.
- In this way, proceed step by step till you reach the south pole of the magnet as shown in figure.
[Drawing a magnetic field line with the help of a compass needle]
- Join the points marked on the paper by a smooth curve.
- This curve represents a magnetic field line.
- Repeat the above procedure and draw as many lines as you can.
- You will get a pattern shown in figure.
- These lines represent the magnetic field around the magnet.
- These are known as magnetic field lines.
- Observe the deflection in the compass needle as you move it along a field line.
- The deflection increases as the needle is moved towards the poles.
- Observation:
- The south pole of the needle points towards the north pole of the magnet.
- The north pole of the compass needle is directed away from the north pole of the magnet.
- Magnetic field is a quantity that has both direction and magnitude.
- The direction of the magnetic field is taken to be direction in which a north pole of the compass needle moves inside it.
- Therefore, the field lines emerge from the north pole and merge at the south pole of a magnet.
- Inside the magnet, the direction of the field lines is from its south pole to its north pole.
- Thus, the magnetic field lines are closed curves.
- Conclusion:
- The region surrounding a magnet has a magnetic field, i.e., a bar magnet possesses magnetic field
- The direction of magnetic field is the direction in which the north pole of the compass needle move/deflect.
- The field is stronger where the field lines are crowded and weaker where the field lines are farther away from each other.
- The deflection of the needle increases as the needle is moved towards the poles.
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