Question
What are functional groups? Give examples.
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Answer
An atom or a group of atoms which imparts specífic properties to the compound is called a functional group.
→ Chemical reactions of different organic compounds containing same functional group are same.
→ Chemical reactions and properties of organic compounds containing different functional groups are different.
→ Free valency or valencies of the group are shown by the single line (-).
→ The functional group is attached to the carbon chain by replacing one or more hydrogen atom or atoms.
Examples: Some examples of functional groups are as follows: 6
→ Chemical reactions of different organic compounds containing same functional group are same.
→ Chemical reactions and properties of organic compounds containing different functional groups are different.
→ Free valency or valencies of the group are shown by the single line (-).
→ The functional group is attached to the carbon chain by replacing one or more hydrogen atom or atoms.
Examples: Some examples of functional groups are as follows: 6
| Some functional groups in carbon compounds | ||
| Hetero- atom | Class of compounds | Formula of functional group |
| $C 1 / Br$ | Halo-(Chloro / bromo) alkane | $-Cl,-Br$(Substitutes for hydrogen atom) |
| Oxygen | 1. Alcohol | $- OH$ |
| 2. Aldehyde |  | |
| 3. Ketone |  | |
| 4. Carboxylic acid |  | |
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