Environment and Natural Resources — Political Science STD 12 Humanities — Question

How do public or social movements in India, strengthen democracy? What are their limitations?

Distinguish between the internal and external notion of traditional security.

Analyse any three factors responsible for the European Union to be a highly influential regional organisation.

What was India’s response to on-going cold war? Which interest of India did nonalignment serve?

Trace the evolution of the United Nations since its establishment in 1945. How does it function with the help of its various structures and agencies?

What is meant by traditional notion of internal and external security?

Analyse the U.S. hegemony as a structural power.

Explain any two reasons for the popularity of Indira Gandhi during 1971 election.

Evaluate any three major factors responsible for making the European Union a political force from being an economic force.

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions:The Janata Party made the 1977 elections into a referendum on the Emergency. Its election campaign was focused on the non-democratic character of the Congress rule and on the various excesses that took place during this period. In the backdrop of arrests of thousands of persons and the censorship of the Press, the public opinion was against the Congress.

1. What is meant by ‘referendum’?
2. ‘‘Acts like arrests of thousands of persons and the censorship of the Press during the Emergency period were non-democratic.’’ Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer with one suitable argument for/ against each act.
3. In spite of winning the 1977 elections with a thumping majority, why could the Janata Party remain in power only for a short period? Explain.