Social Science [2 Marks Each] QUE-ANS

Residue means ‘left over’ in general. Sometimes, deep and long valleys are formed on level land at higher altitude due to the erosional work of natural factors. The remnant higher area around those valleys remains as a highland, and that is known as ‘Residual Mountain’. e.g., Aravalli, Parasnath, Rajmahal, Eastern Ghats, etc. in India.

Mountains are formed due to the action, counter action and interaction of natural physical factors in the interior of the Earth. The impact of one or more actions and process is seen in the origin and development of mountains. That is why mountains are different with reference to their various aspects.

A land area which is suddenly uplifted due to tectonic movements is called a ‘Continental Plateau’. Sometimes, the lava strata condenses at a higher region and forms a continental plateau. e.g., The plateau of Arabistan (Arabia).

Land mass having straight slope on one side in a foothill region of a mountain is called ‘Piedmont Plateau’. e.g., Patagonia of South America, Malwa plateau of India. 

When a volcanic eruption takes place, dust particles, ash, rocks, pebbles and hot lava are thrown out (erupted). A conical hill is formed from these materials. It is known as ‘Volcanic mountain’. e.g., Fujiyama of Japan, Vesuvius of Italy, Barren, Pavagadh, Girnar, etc. of India. 

The landform which has a shape like a sea wave and has a greater height is called fold mountain. e.g., Himalaya of India, Alps of Europe, Rocky of North America, Andes of South America, etc.