Question
A spring having with a spring constant 1200N m-1 is mounted on a horizontal table as shown in Fig. A mass of 3kg is attached to the free end of the spring. The mass is then pulled sideways to a distance of 2.0cm and released.

Determine (i) the frequency of oscillations, (ii) maximum acceleration of the mass, and (iii) the maximum speed of the mass.

Answer

Spring constant, k = 1200N m-1

Mass, m = 3kg

Displacement, A = 2.0cm = 0.02cm

  1. Frequency of oscillation v, is given by the relation:

$\upsilon=\frac{1}{\text{T}}=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{\text{k}}{\text{m}}}$

where, T is time period

$\therefore\ \upsilon=\frac{1}{2\times3.14}\sqrt{\frac{1200}{3}}$

= 3.18m/s

Hence, the frequency of oscillations is 3.18 cycles per second.

  1. Maximum acceleration (a) is given by the relation:

$\text{a}=\omega^2\text{A}$

where,

$\omega=$ Angular frequency $=\sqrt{\frac{\text{k}}{\text{m}}}$

A = maximum displacement

$\therefore\ \text{a}=\frac{\text{k}}{\text{m}}\text{A}=\frac{1200\times0.02}{3}=8\text{ ms}^{-2}$

Hence, the maximum acceleration of the mass is 8.0m/s2.

Maximum velocity, $\text{v}_\text{max}=\text{A}\omega$

$=\text{A}\sqrt{\frac{\text{k}}{\text{m}}}=0.02\times\sqrt{\frac{1200}{3}}=0.4\text{ m/s}$

Hence, the maximum velocity of the mass is 0.4m/s.

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