Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Polymerase chain reaction:

1. Is a method of synthesising human protein from human DNA
2. Uses restriction enzymes
3. Can produce billions of copies of a DNA fragment
4. Takes place naturally in bacteria

Genomic library and c-DNA library.

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
X and Y are communicable diseases, whereas Wand Z are non-communicable diseases.X is transmitted through vectors whereas Y is transmitted through droplet infection. Wis caused due to a hormone deficiency, whereas Z is a degenerative disease. Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

1. Identify W, X, Y and Z.

	W	X	Y	Z
(a)	Coronary artery disease	Cholera	Chikungunya	Chikungunya
(b)	Diabetes	Malaria	Rhinitis	Alzheimer's disease
(c)	Alzheimer's disease	AIDS	Shigella	Plague
(d)	Gonorrhea	Diphtheria	Pertussis	Anthrax

2. Select the correct statement.

1. If X is sleeping sickness then its vector is Leishrnania.
2. If Y is diphtheria then it is caused by Bacillus anthracis.
3. If W is hypothyroidism then it is caused by deficiency of thyroxine hormone.
4. If Z is myocardial infarction then patient develops acute rheumatic fever, joint pain and throat infection.

3. If X and Y both are usual diseases then which of the following holds true?

1. X could be dengue caused by flavivirus and Y could be AIDS caused by HIV.
2. X could be chikungunya whereas Y could be rhinitis.
3. X could be hepatitis whereas Y could be rabies.
4. X could be chicken pox caused by Va rice/la zoster virus whereas Y could be yellow fever caused by flavivirus

4. If X and Y both are bacterial diseases then select the correct match from the following.

1. X- Bubonic plague-Yersinia pestis
2. Y-Leprosy- Mycobacteriurn leprae
3. X-Whooping cough-Bordetella pertussis
4. Y-Botulism-Clostridiurn botulinum

5. Assertion: Communicable diseases could be contagious or non-contagious.

Reason: Diseases that spread through vectors are non-contagious disease.

1. Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion is true, but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Cleavage is the series of rapid mitotic divisions in zygote and forms blastula. The 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells are called blastomeres. Embryo with 64 blastomeres is known as blastocyst and has blastocoel cavity. Blastocyst gets implanted in uterine wall and leads to pregnancy.

1. Solid mass of cells with 16 blastomeres is called:

1. Morula.
2. Blastula.
3. Gastrula.
4. Zygote.

2. At which stage of embryonic development, trophoectoderm develops?

1. Zygote.
2. Morula.
3. Blastula.
4. Gastrula.

3. Site of implantation is:

1. Endometrium of uterus.
2. Cervix.
3. Uterine fundus.
4. Infundibulum of oviduct.

4. Correct sequence of various structures formed during embryonic development is:

1. Morula → Embryo → Gastrula → Blastula.
2. Zygote → Embryo → Morula → Blastula.
3. Blastula → Morula → Gastrula → Embryo.
4. Zygote → Morula → Blastula → Gastrula.

5. Assertion: Side of blastocyst with inner cell mass is called animal pole.

Reason: Inner cell mass gives rise to embryo.

1. Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion is true, but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Distinguish between: Asexual Reproduction – Sexual Reproduction

Distinguish between: Gene flow and Genetic drift.

Distinguish between : Electrical and chemical synapses:

Distinguish between : Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) and Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV).