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Human Health and Diseases — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYHuman Health and Diseases4 Marks
Question
Distinguish between : Inborn immunity and acquired immunity.
✓

Answer

Inborn ImmunityAcquired Immunity
1. Inborn immunity or innate immunity is also called natural immunity. 1. Acquired immunity is also called adaptive immunity.
2. Innate immunity is present right from the birth.2. Acquired immunity is not present at birth, but is acquired during lifetime of the individual.
3. Inborn immunity does not depend upon the previous exposure to a pathogen or foreign substance.3. Acquired immunity always depends upon the previous exposure to a pathogen or foreign substance.
4. It is non-specific immunity as it can offer resistance to any pathogen.4. It is specific immunity as it can offer resistance only to a particular pathogen.
5. Innate immunity consists of various types of barriers for defence against the pathogens.5. Acquired immunity consists of various types of cells which are able to produce antibodies.
6. Inborn immunity shows immediate effect in the body.6. Acquired immunity requires several days to become activated.
7. Inborn immunity is seen in all animals.7. Acquired immunity is seen only in vertebrates.
8. Inborn immunity is genetic in nature and is heritable.8. Acquired immunity is non-genetic in nature and is non-heritable.

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