Question
Explain the Law of Dominance using a monohybrid cross.
✓
Answer
Mendel's law of dominance states that a dominant allele expresses itself in a monohybrid cross and suppresses the expression of recessive allele. However, this recessive allele for a character is not lost and remains hidden or masked in the progenies of $F_1$ generation and reappears in the next generation. For example, when pea plants with round seeds (RR) are crossed with plants with wrinkled seeds ( rr ), all seeds in $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation were found to be round (Rr). When these round seeds were self-fertilized, both the round and wrinkled seeds appeared in $F_2$ generation in $3: 1$ ratio. Hence, in $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation, the dominant character (round seeds) appeared and the recessive character (wrinkled seeds) got suppressed, which reappeared in $F_2$ generation.
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