Guessing in Indian Logic — Philosophy STD 12 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtsPhilosophyGuessing in Indian Logic5 Marks
Question
Explain the method of application and contrast.
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Answer
Construction method: Construction means the presence of one thing with the presence of another thing.
Whether we want to establish a universal statement of relativity between the two matters should be examined by a comprehensive observation as to whether there is an interrelationship between the two matters.
Before making such a pervasive generalization of ‘all men are mortal’, the first step in supporting coverage is to examine whether there is a correlation between being ‘man’ and ‘mortal’.
Observing everyone in the human race, we find that where "humanity" exists, "mortality" also exists.
Based on the clarity of knowledge of such an application method, we make a pervasive generalization that ‘all men are mortal’.
In short, the coherent generalization that is made on the basis of a relational relationship increases the likelihood that one thing is always present with the presence of another.
Thus, the application relationship as a ritual to support the scope is the first step.
Opposite method: Opposite means the absence of one thing and the absence of another.
To make sure that there is a contradiction between the two things which is to establish the universal statement of truth concerning the relation between the two things. This is the second step of the scope support ritual.
Experiments with the opposite method make it clear that $(1)$ where there is an absence of fire there is also an absence of smoke. $(2)$ Where there is an absence of mortality there is also an absence of humanity. $(3)$ The horns on the head of an animal whose tail is absent are also absent.
Based on this evidence it can be said that $(1)$ omnipotent are fireplaces. $(2)$ Every man is mortal. $(3)$ All horned animals are tailed animals.
All these pervasive generalizations are more likely to be true.
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