Question
Name the substance used for drying ammonia gas? Why cannot substances such as conc.$H_2SO_4$, anhydrous calcium chloride and phosphorus pentoxide be used for drying ammonia gas?
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Answer
The substance used for drying ammonia gas is quicklime( calciumoxide) .
Concentrated sulphuric acid, anhydrous calcium chloride and phosphorus pentoxide cannot be used for drying ammonia gas because ammonia being basic reacts wi th them, and the following reaction takes place
Conc.$H_2SO_4$ reacts with ammonia to form ammonium sulphate.
$2 NH_3 + H_2SO_4(conc..) \rightarrow (NH_4)_2SO_4$
Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with ammonia to form ammonium phosphate.
$6 Nh_3 + P_2O_5 + 3H_2O \rightarrow 2(NH_4)_3PO_4$
Anhydrous calcium chloride combines with ammonia to form addi tion compound.
$4 NH_3 + CaCI_2 \rightarrow CaCI_2. 4NH_3$
Concentrated sulphuric acid, anhydrous calcium chloride and phosphorus pentoxide cannot be used for drying ammonia gas because ammonia being basic reacts wi th them, and the following reaction takes place
Conc.$H_2SO_4$ reacts with ammonia to form ammonium sulphate.
$2 NH_3 + H_2SO_4(conc..) \rightarrow (NH_4)_2SO_4$
Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with ammonia to form ammonium phosphate.
$6 Nh_3 + P_2O_5 + 3H_2O \rightarrow 2(NH_4)_3PO_4$
Anhydrous calcium chloride combines with ammonia to form addi tion compound.
$4 NH_3 + CaCI_2 \rightarrow CaCI_2. 4NH_3$
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