Controlling — Business Studies STD 12 Commerce — Question

Distinguish between internal and external sources of recruitment.

‘Filling vacancies from within the organisation has some advantages as well as limitations’. Explain any three such advantages and any three limitations.

State the steps in the process of controlling.

What is meant by ‘Directing’ as a function of management? Describe any four points of its importance.

Explain the principles of Scientific Management given by Taylor.

Two years ago Madhu completed her degree in food technology. She worked for sometime in a company manufacturing chutneys, pickles and murabbas. She was not happy in the company and decided to have her own organic food processing unit for the same. She set the objectives and the targets and formulated action plan to achieve the same.
One of her objectives was to earn 10% profit on the amount invested in the first year. It was decided that raw materials like fruits, vegetables, spices etc. will be purchased on three months credit from farmers cultivating organic crops only. She also decided to follow the steps required for marketing of the products through her own outlets. She appointed Mohan as a Production Manager who decides the exact manner in which the production activities are to be carried out. Mohan also prepared a statement showing the number of workers that will be required in the factory throughout the year. Madhu informed Mohan about her sales target for different products, areawise for the about her sales target for different products, areawise for the forthcoming quarter. While working on the production table a penalty of Rs. 100 per day for not wearing the caps, gloves and apron was announced.
Quoting lines from the above para identify and explain the different types of plans discussed.

What is meant by ‘Formal Organisation’? Explain any five features of Formal Organisation.

State any six functions performed by consumer organization working in the field of consumer protection.

After acquiring the necessary knowledge and skills on starting an Aloevera Farm, Ashok wanted to be the leading manufacturer of Aloevera products worldwide. He observed that the products were expensive as the demand of the products was more than the supply. He was also keen to promote methods and practice that were economically viable, environmentally sound and at the same time protecting public health.
Ashok's main consideration was about the amount of money paid by the consumers in consideration of the purchase of Aloevera product. He also thought that competitors prices and their anticipated reactions must also be considered for this. After gathering and analysing information and doing correct marketing planning, he came to know that the consumers compare the value of a product to the value of money they are required to pay. The consumers will be ready to buy a product when they perceived that the value of the product is at least equal to the value of money which they would pay.
Since he was entering into a new market, he felt that he may not be able to cover all costs. He knew that in the long run the business will not be able to survive unless all costs are covered in addition to a minimum profit.
He examined the quality and features of the products of the competitors and the anticipated reactions of the consumers. Considering the same he decided to add some unique features to the packaging and also decided to provide free home delivery of the products.
The above case relates to a concept which is considered to be an effective competitive marketing weapon. In conditions of perfect competition most of the firms compete with each other on this concept in the marketing of goods and services.
i. Identify the concept.
ii. Explain briefly any four factors discussed in the above case related to the concept so identified.

Distinguish between top level, middle level and lower level of management.