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Transition and Inner Transition Elements — Chemistry STD 12 — Question

Tamilnadu BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12ChemistryTransition and Inner Transition Elements2 Marks
Question
Which is more stable? $Fe ^{3+}$ or $Fe ^{2+}$ - explain.
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Answer

$e(Z=26)$
$Fe \longrightarrow F e^{2+}+2 e^{-}$
$Fe \longrightarrow F e^{3+}+3 e^{-}$
$Fe ^{2+}$ [Number of electrons 24]
Electronic configuration $=[ Ar ] 3 d^6$
$Fe ^{3+}$ [Number of electrons 23]
Electronic configuration $=[ Ar ] 3 d^5$
Among $Fe ^{3+}$ and $Fe ^{2+}, Fe ^{3+}$ is more stable due to half-filled d-orbital. This can be explained by the Aufbau principle. Half filled and completely filled d-orbitals are more stable than partially filled d-orbitals. So $Fe ^{3+}$ is more stable than $Fe ^{2+}$

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