A simple pendulum is set up in a trolley which moves to the right with an acceleration a on a horizontal plane. Then the thread of the pendulum in the mean position makes an angle $\theta $ with the vertical
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(b)In accelerated frame of reference, a fictitious force (pseudo force) ma acts on the bob of pendulum as shown in figure.
Hence, $\tan \theta = \frac{{ma}}{{mg}} = \frac{a}{g}$
$ \Rightarrow \theta = {\tan ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{a}{g}} \right)$ in the backward direction.
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