Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtspsychologyIntelligence5 Marks
Question
Explain the measurement of intelligence.
✓
Answer
Definition: Intelligence is the holistic power of a person to act purposefully, to think logically and to deal effectively with the environment. - Wexler (1939)
Measurement of intelligence:
There are two components to measuring intelligence. (1) Mental age (2) IQ
(1) Mental age
The concept of mental age is given to B.
The level of mental development of a person in relation to the environment in which he lives is called mental age.
The child's mental age is measured and tested according to his age.
In which the test is taken by asking questions which are two to three years younger than the physical age.
In which the mental age of the child is considered to be two months in answer to each correct question.
Thus his mental age is calculated on the basis of every correct answer he has given. In which six questions are asked.
E.g. If a seven year old child gives correct answer to 48 questions then 48 * 2 months i.e. his mental age becomes 96 months. In that year his mental age of 8 years is determined.
The mental age is brighter than the physical age. Why age. Age is said to have a weaker intellectual capacity.
(2) IQ:
IQ is also called intelligence gain.
The concept of IQ was introduced by Stan (1912).
It is given a formula for measuring IQ.
IQ (mental age) / (physical age) × 100
E.g. If the physical age of a child is 8 years and the mental age is 10 years, then the IQ is calculated as follows.
IQ (mental age) / (physical age) × 100
(10 years) / (8 years) × 100
IQ = 125
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